Concha(Inferior Turbinate) Disease and Treatment
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Concha(Inferior Turbinate) Disease and Treatment
What is Concha – Turbinate?
The conchae, located on the side walls of the nose, are structures that provide heating, humidification and filtering of the air we breathe.
On each side of the inner walls of the nose there are three conchae, which are called inferior, middle and superior concha depending on their position in the nose.
The conchae are composed of two parts, soft tissue and bone, and their diseases are usually caused by growth and/or structural developmental abnormalities in both. Problems usually occur in the inferior concha, but more commonly in the middle concha.
What is Inferior Concha Hypertrophy?
Enlargement of the inferior concha is one of the most important diseases that cause problems with breathing in the nose. The first place among the causes of this enlargement is allergy. In people with deviated septum (curvature of the middle part of the nose), the nasal septum is wider on one side and the other grows to reduce this width and protect the delicate breathing dynamics, which is called compensatory growth. Apart from this, pregnancy, birth control pills, hypothyroidism, smoking, constant use of nasal drops containing oxymetazoline, and some chronic granulomatous diseases also cause concha hypertrophy.
How is Inferior Concha Hypertrophy is Diagnosed and Treated?
The examination is sufficient for the diagnosis of inferior concha hypertrophy. The examination must be performed endoscopically to see the entire conchae. In addition to endoscopic examination of the middle concha, imaging by computed tomography strengthens the diagnosis.
In the treatment of inferior concha hypertrophy, many techniques have been described. Among the treatment methods, methods such as cauterization or surgical partial reduction are used, but the main disadvantage of these methods is that the loss of tissue may affect the patient’s breathing. Today, radiofrequency application is a very effective method for concha reduction. I prefer the concha reduction method with radiofrequency in my clinic.
What is Medium Concha Hypertrophy?
The most common anomaly in the middle turbinate is the presence of air in the bony structure of the concha, called “concha bullosa”. It results from the formation of one of the air cells that form the paranasal sinuses, within the bony structure of the middle concha. They can be very small and insignificant, but also large enough to narrow the nasal passage.
How is Middle Concha Hypertrophy is Diagnosed and Treated?
The diagnosis is made by performing paranasal sinus tomography after endoscopic examination of the nose. If air is seen in the bone structure of the middle concha on the tomography, this pathology can be corrected with endoscopic surgery.
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